Free PDF Download of CBSE Class 10 Science Chapter 9 Heredity and Evolution Assertion Reason Questions Class 10 Science. Assertion and Reason Questions for Class 10 Science with Answers were Prepared Based on the Latest Exam Pattern. Students can solve NCERT Class 10 Science Heredity and Evolution to know their preparation level.
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Heredity and Evolution Class 10 Assertion Reason Questions
The following questions consist of two statements – Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Answer these questions by selecting the appropriate option given below:
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.
Q.1. Assertion : Genes present in every cell of an organism control the traits of the organisms.
Reason: A gene is a specific segment of DNA occupying a specific position on a chromosome.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
Q.2. Assertion: A child which has inherited X chromosome from father will develop into a girl child.
Reason: Girl child inherits X chromosome from father and Y chromosome from mother.
(c) A is true but R is false.
Q.3. Assertion : A geneticist crossed two plants and got 50% tall and 50% dwarf progenies.
Reason: This cross follows Mendelian law as one of the parent plant might be heterozygous.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
Q.4. Assertion : A tall plant which always produces tall offsprings is considered heterozygous for height and is represented by genotype (Tt).
Reason: A tall plant which always produces tall offspring is homozygous dominant and will always produce only one type of gamete (T).
(d) Assertion is false but reason is true
Q.5. Assertion : Selfing of a plant for several generations helps plant breeders to obtain pure breeding varieties.
Reason: Pure breeding plants are heterozygous for many traits.
(c) A is true but R is false.
Q.6. Assertion(A): A geneticist crossed two pea plants and got 50% tall and 50% dwarf in the progeny.
Reason (R) : One plant was heterozygous tall and the other was dwarf.
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Q.7. Assertion(A) : Variations are seen in offspring produced by sexual reproduction.
Reason (R) : DNA molecule generated by replication is not exactly identical to original DNA.
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Q.8. Assertion(A): The sex of a child is determined by the mother.
Reason (R) : Humans have two types of sex chromosomes: XX and XY.
(d) Assertion is false but reason is true
Q.9. Assertion(A) : Evolution is an extremely slow process.
Reason (R) : New characters are accumulated in an organism during its lifetime.
(c) A is true but R is false.
Q.10. Assertion : Pea plant is considered ideal for hybridisation experiments.
Reason: Pea is self pollinating plant with short life cycle and bears visible contrasting traits.
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Q.11. Assertion : Monohybrid cross deals with inheritance of one pair of contrasting characters.
Reason: Dihybrid cross deals with inheritance of two pairs of contrasting characters.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
Q.12. Assertion : When pea plants (pureline) having round yellow seeds are crossed with pureline plants having wrinkled green seeds, then all pea plants obtained in F, generation bear wrinkled green seeds.
Reason: Round and yellow seeds are dominant to wrinkled and green seeds.
(d) Assertion is false but reason is true
Q.13. Assertion: If mother has two dominant alleles for black hair and father has two recessive alleles for blonde hair then their child will inherit one dominant allele from mother and one recessive allele from father and will have black hair.
Reason: Progeny inherits one genes for each trait from its parents but the trait shown by progeny depends on inherited alleles
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Q.14. Assertion : Round green seeds in pea can be represented by RRyy of Rryy.
Reason: Round yellow seeds and green wrinkled seeds are parental combinations whereas round green and wrinkled yellow are recombinants.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
Q.15. Assertion: In grasshoppers, females are heterogametic and males are homogametic.
Reason: In grasshoppers, the male has only one sex chromosome (XO) whereas the female has sex chromosomes(XX).
(d) Assertion is false but reason is true
Assertion (A): Traits acquired during the lifetime of an individual can be passed on to the next generation.
Reason (R): Inheritance of acquired traits is a mechanism of evolution.
Answer: (c) A is true but R is false.
Assertion (A): DNA is the genetic material in all living organisms.
Reason (R): DNA carries the hereditary information that is passed from parents to offspring.
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Assertion (A): Homologous structures provide evidence for evolution.
Reason (R): Homologous structures have a common origin but may have different functions in different organisms.
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Assertion (A): Natural selection leads to the survival of the fittest individuals in a population.
Reason (R): Natural selection favors individuals with favorable traits that enhance their survival and reproductive success.
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Assertion (A): Evolution is a gradual process occurring over a long period of time.
Reason (R): Evolution involves small changes accumulating over generations, leading to the formation of new species.
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Assertion (A): Fossils provide evidence for the existence of extinct species.
Reason (R): Fossils are the preserved remains or traces of organisms that lived in the past.
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Assertion (A): Genetic variations in a population are necessary for evolution.
Reason (R): Genetic variations provide the raw material for natural selection to act upon.
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Assertion (A): Mendel’s experiments on pea plants laid the foundation for the understanding of heredity.
Reason (R): Mendel discovered the principles of inheritance by conducting controlled crosses and analyzing patterns of trait inheritance.
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
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