We have provided you with Extra and Important Questions from Class 10 Social Science Economics Chapter 1 Development. This Extra and Important Questions will help you to score 100% in your Board Exams. These extra questions will be helpful to revise the important topics and concepts.

Development Class 10 Important Questions with Answers Economics Chapter 1

Extra Questions for Class 10 Economics Chapter 1 Very Short Answer Type

Question: What is development?

Answer: It is a comprehensive term which includes increase in real per capita income, improvement in living standard of people, reduction in poverty etc.

Question: What may be development for one may not be development for the other. It may even be destructive for other. Give one example.

Answer: Construction of a dam may be good for an industrialist as he will get more electricity but construction of dam submerge the land and disrupt the lives of people who are displaced.

Question: Mention any two developmental goals of people other than income.

Answer: (i) Equal treatment (ii) Respect of others

Question: What is national development? [CBSE 2014]

Answer: National development is a comprehensive term which includes improvement in living standard. of the people, increase in per capita income, providing social amenities like education, medical care, social services, etc. to the citizens of the country.

Question: Which is the most important attribute for national development?

Answer: National income or per capita income of the nation.

Question: ‘For comparing countries, total income or national income is not a useful measure. Give reason.

Answer: Since countries have different population, comparing total income will not tell us what an average person is likely to earn.

Question: What is the most important component for comparing different countries? [CBSE 2010, 12]

Answer: Per capita income.

Question: Which countries have been categorised as rich countries according to the World Development Report? [CBSE 2014]

Answer: Countries with per capita income of US $ 12276 per annum and above in 2010 are called rich countries.

Question: Which countries have been categorised as low income countries according to World Development Report?

Answer: Countries with per capita income of US $ 1005 or less are called low income countries.

Question: What is Infant Mortality Rate? [CBSE 2009, 2013 (D)]

Answer: It indicates the number of children that die before the age of one year as a proportion of 1000 live children born in that particular year.

Question: What is Literacy Rate? [CBSE 2009 (D)]

Answer: It measures the proportion of literate population in the seven and above age group.

Question: What is Net Attendance ratio? [CBSE 2014]

Answer: It is the total number of children of the age group 6-10, attending school as a percentage of total number of children in the same age group.

Question: What is Gross Enrolment Ratio?

Answer: It is the enrolment ratio for primary, secondary and higher education.

Extra Questions for Class 10 Economics Chapter 1 Short Answer Type

Question: Mention any four characteristics of development. [CBSE Sept. 2010, 2011]

Answer:

• Different people have different developmental goals.
• What may be development for one may not be development for the other. It may be destructive for the other.
• Income is the most important component of development, but along with income, people also seek equal treatment, good health, peace, literacy, etc.
• For development, people look at mixed goals.

Question: Describe any three features of developed country. [CBSE 2013, 14]

Answer:

1. As per the World Bank Report 2012 any country with per capita income of US$ 12,276 per annum and above is termed as rich or developed country.
2. Such countries have high literacy rate.
3. Most of the people of these countries are engaged in service sector.

Question: What is PCI? Where it is used?

Answer: PCI is Per Capita Income. It is calculated by dividing the National Income of the country by population.

Uses: (i) It is used to compare different countries.

(ii) The World Bank has divided the countries into rich or low income countries on the basis of per Capita income.

Question: With the help of an example show two groups who may have different notions of development. [CBSE Sept. 2010]

Answer: It is true that development for one may not be development for the other.

• More wages means development for a worker, but it can go against the entrepreneur.
• A rich farmer or trader wants to sell foodgrains at a higher price but a poor worker wants to purchase it for low prices.
• Construction of a dam means more and cheap power, but people, who will lose their habitat will demonstrate.
• To get more electricity, the industrialists may want more dams. But this may submerge the agricultural land, and disrupt the lives of the people.

Question: What is national development? What are the aspects covered under the national development? [CBSE Sept. 2010]

Answer: National development is a comprehensive term which includes improvement in living standard of the people, increase in per capita income, providing social amenities like education, medical care, social services, etc. to the citizens of the country.

• Under national development, a country uses its resources in a fair and just way.
• Under this only those programmes and policies are implemented which would benefit a large number of people.
• Under national development, countries focus more on social infrastructure which includes education, health and other social services.

Question: What contributes to the human development?

Answer: There are many economic as well as non-economic factors which contribute to the human development.

• Living a long and a healthy life.
• To have education, information and knowledge.
• Enjoying a decent standard of living.
• Enjoying basic fundamental rights like freedom, security, education, etc.
• To have equality and enjoyment of human rights.

Question: What is the significance of Human Development Index? [CBSE 2013]

Answer:

• HDI is used to measure level of development of a country.
• It has been published by UNDP and according to it countries has been ranked.
• It is a comprehensive approach which cover all the major aspects of life.
• Apart from income, education, health status, life expectancy, etc., are considered for measuring economic development of a nation.

Question: ‘Money cannot buy all the goods and services that one needs to live well.’ Explain. [CBSE 2010(0), Sept. 2013]

Answer:

• Money or material things that one can buy with it is one factor on which our life depends. But the quality of our life also depends upon non-material things like equal treatment, freedom, security, respect of others, etc.
• Money cannot buy us a pollution free environment, unadulterated medicines, peace, etc.
• There are many facilities like schools, colleges, parks, hospitals which an individual cannot afford. All these are to be provided by the government/society.
• Money possessed by an individual even can not provide us a type of government which take decisions for the welfare of the common people.

Question: What is Per Capita Income? Can it be regarded as the sole indicator of economic development of a country? Give four valid arguments to support your answer. [CBSE 2012]

Answer:

• Per capita income is the average income of a country.
• Per capita income criteria takes into account only the economic aspect of life and ignores the social, aspect of life.
• Per capita income criteria ignores education, health, life expectancy, sanitation etc.
• Per capita income criteria also ignores non material things like peace, pollution free environment, democracy, etc.
• Though Punjab has higher per capita income as compared to Kerala but it has been ranked lower on Human Development Index because it is far behind than Kerala in literacy rate and has higher infant mortality rate than Kerala.

Question: “Average income is an important criterion for development.” Explain.

Answer: (i) Average income gives us an idea what an average person is likely to get out of the total national income.

(ii) Average income is used to classify the countries into rich, poor or developing nations.

(iii) Average income is used to make economic policies.

Question: Define the following terms: (i) IMR (ii) Literacy Rate (iii) NAR [CBSE Sept. 2010, 2011]

Answer: (i) Infant Mortality Rate (or IMR) indicates the number of children that die before the age of one year as a proportion of 1000 live children born in that particular year.

(ii) Literacy Rate measures the proportion of literate population in the 7 years and above age group.

(iii) Net Attendance Ratio is the total number of children of age group 6-10 years attending school as a percentage of the total number of children in the same age group.

Extra Questions for Class 10 Economics Chapter 1 Long Answer Type

Question: What do you mean by public facilities ? Why are they important ? Name two public facilities available in India.

Answer: Public facilities are the essential facilities for the community at large and are provided by the government.

Important :They are important because there are many services like education, health, transportation etc., which have become cheap and affordable if provided, collectively.

Public facilities : Rail transport and government schools.

Question: Explain the meaning of the term ‘Rich Countries’ and ‘Low Income Countries’ according to the World Development Report of 2006. What is India’s position in this respect? [CBSE 2013]

Answer: The World Development Report, 2012, brought out by the World Bank has given the following criteria in classifying countries :

(i) Rich or High income countries : Countries with the per capita income of US $12276 per annum and above in 2010, are called rich countries.

(ii) Poor or Low income countries: The countries with the per capita income of US $ 1005 or less, are called low income countries.India comes in the category of low middle income countries because its per capita income in 2010 was just US $1340.4 per annum. The rich countries, excluding countries of Middle East and certain other small countries, are generally called the developed countries.

Limitations :(i) It covers only the economic aspect ignoring peace, health, environment, education, longevity, etc.

(ii) The method does not provide us the distribution of income.

Question: Compare India and Sri Lanka on the basis of any three indicators of the Human Development Index for 2004. [CBSE 2009 (O), Sept. 2012]

Answer:

1. Per capita income : The per capita income of Sri Lanka is higher than that of India. The per capita income of India is about $ 3285, whereas it is around $ 5170 for Sri Lanka.
2. Life expectancy at birth : Life expectancy at birth in Sri Lanka is also higher as compared to India. In Sri Lanka, the life expectancy is around 75.1 whereas in India it is about 65.8.
3. Literacy rate : Literacy rate in Sri Lanka is also higher than India. It is 90.6 in Sri Lanka whereas it is 62.8 in India.

Question: Why are the countries of the Middle East not called ‘developed’ inspite of high per capita income ?[CBSE Sept. 2010]

Answer:

1. These are small countries.
2. The gap between rich and poor is very high,
3. Though per capita income in Middle East countries is very high but there is unequal distribution of wealth.
4. These countries have high per capita income due to oil production. So they have only one major source of income.
5. The World Development Report brought out by the World Bank has excluded these countries from the list of developed countries.

Question: Why are public facilities needed for the development of the country ? Explain four public facilities. [CBSE Sept. 2010, 2012]

Answer: Public facilities play very important role in the development of a country as these include education, health, transportation, banking which are the base for any kind of development.

1. Education : Education is the most important public facility which is required both by the rich as well as the poor.
2. Public Distribution System (PDS) : Public distribution system is another important facility which plays an important role in providing food security to the people.
3. Transportation : Many transport facilities like railway, airways, waterways, banking become affordable only if they are provided collectively.

Question: Explain common, different and conflicting goals by giving appropriate examples. [CBSE 2012]

Answer: Development goals may be common, different or conflicting.

• Common goals : There are some needs which are common to all like income, freedom, equality, security, respect, friendship, etc.
• Different goals : Development or progress does not mean the same thing for every individual. Each individual has his own idea of development. For example, development for a farmer might be better irrigation facilities; for an unemployed youth it may mean better employment opportunities, etc.
• Conflicting goals : What may be development for some, may become destruction for some others. For example, industrialists may want dams for electricity but such dams would displace the natives of the region.